Free Nios Carnatic Music (243) Solved Tutor Mark Assignment (TMA) 2024-25

Free Nios Carnatic Music (243) Solved Tutor Mark Assignment (TMA) 2024-25

Nios Class 10 Tutor Marked Assignment 2024-25 March/April 2025 & Ocotber/November 2025 Exam

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Carnatic Music

(243)

                Tutor Mark Assignment (TMA) 2024-25

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40 to 60 words.

Q. (a) Specify the element that beautifies the Svara phrases and the Raga of Indian music.  

Ans. The element that beautifies the Svara phrases and the Raga in Indian music is called Gamak.

• Gamak refers to the embellishments or oscillations applied to a Svara (musical note), which adds depth, richness, and emotion to the phrase, giving it a distinct character and enhancing the aesthetic appeal of a Raga.
• Raga itself is a framework or melodic structure in Indian classical music, and it comes to life through the interplay of Svaras and Gamakas. Each Raga has its own rules for using Gamakas, which vary in terms of intensity, frequency, and technique, all of which contribute to its beauty and mood.

These subtle oscillations are what make Indian classical music expressive and unique.

 

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40 to 60 words.

Q. (a) Why it is said that Raga is easy for the beginners to learn? Specify.

 

Ans. Ragas are easier for beginners to learn due to their structured framework. Each Raga has a defined set of rules regarding the notes (Swaras) and their usage, offering a clear melodic pattern for learners to follow. The gradual progression from simple scales (Arohana and Avarohana) to more complex phrases helps beginners master basic techniques. Repetitive patterns and Alankars (note exercises) reinforce the Raga’s mood and build foundational skills. Additionally, Ragas are emotionally intuitive, allowing learners to connect with the music, making the learning process more enjoyable and engaging. This step-by-step approach simplifies the journey into classical music.

 

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40 to 60 words.

Q. (a) Explain any two instruments in which the strings are made to vibrate and produce sound.

Ans. Two instruments where strings vibrate to produce sound are:

1.     Sitar: A plucked string instrument used in Indian classical music. The player uses a plectrum (Mizrab) to pluck the strings, causing them to vibrate and resonate through its long neck and gourd-shaped body. It has melody and sympathetic strings, creating a rich, sustained sound.

2.     Violin: A bowed string instrument. The player moves a bow across the strings to make them vibrate. By pressing the strings on the fingerboard, the pitch changes, and the body amplifies the sound. It’s used in both Western and Indian classical music.

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.

Q. (a) ‘Harmonium and Clarinet did not become so popular in India’. Give any four reasons.

Ans.  The Harmonium and Clarinet did not become very popular in India for several reasons:

1.     Limited Pitch Flexibility: Indian classical music requires intricate microtonal shifts and continuous glides between notes (meend). The harmonium and clarinet, with their fixed pitches, struggle to capture these nuances, making them less suited for traditional Raga performances.

2.     Lack of Gamakas: Both instruments lack the ability to produce gamakas (embellishments), which are essential for expressing emotions in Indian music.

3.     Western Origins: Being of Western origin, these instruments were not as culturally integrated into traditional Indian musical systems.

4.     Preference for Traditional Instruments: Instruments like the sitar, tabla, and tanpura, which are deeply rooted in Indian culture, have always been more popular due to their authenticity and adaptability to Indian music styles.

In short

Indian music is based on melody in which the musical notes progress in one after one mode, with mild shakes on particular notes; which is not possible in the keyed instruments as they will produce musical notes or chords with fixed pitch and not capable of producing subtle gamaka and quarter tones which alone can bring out raga bhava in Indian concept.

  

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.

Q. (a) Define important four features of Sarali Varisai in the sequence.

 

Ans. Here are four important features of Sarali Varisai in sequence:

1.     Step-by-Step Progression: Sarali Varisais are composed with a gradual increase in the sequence of swaras (notes). The student learns the intervals between swaras, beginning with simple patterns and progressing to more complex combinations.

2.     Swaras and Permutations: The Sarali Varisais contain various swara combinations with different permutations, helping students practice voice control and note accuracy. The progression gradually extends to higher notes like Rishabha and Gandhara, then returns to Shadja.

3.     Tala Structure: Sarali Varisais are set to Adi Tala, consisting of 8 aksharas (beats) in each cycle. The exercises are structured with 4 aksharas in the Purvanga (first part) and 4 aksharas in the Uttaranga (second part), following a clear rhythmic pattern.

4.     Multiple Speeds: There are three speeds of rendering the Sarali Varisais. The first speed has 1 swara per beat, the second has 2 swaras per beat, and the third has 4 swaras per beat, progressively challenging the student’s mastery of rhythm and speed.

6.  Prepare any one project out of the following.

(a) Collect three photographs of Wind instruments and paste them into your project file. Now write in brief about each of these instruments.

 

Ans.                                                   

   Project Work

 

 

Introduction:

Wind instruments are a category of musical instruments that produce sound by the vibration of air. They are widely used in various musical traditions around the world. This project highlights three notable wind instruments: the Flute, Shehnai, and Clarinet.

1. Flute

Description

The flute is a simple, cylindrical instrument made from materials such as bamboo or metal. It produces sound when air is blown across an opening at one end, creating vibrations inside its hollow body. The pitch is controlled by covering and uncovering finger holes along the body.

Usage

The flute is widely used in both Western and Indian classical music, known for its clear and melodious tone.

Photograph

2. Shehnai

Description

The shehnai is a traditional Indian wind instrument made from wood, featuring a flaring metal bell at the end. It is played by blowing air through a double reed, which vibrates to produce sound.

Usage

Commonly used in auspicious ceremonies and classical Indian music, the shehnai produces a rich, melodious tone that enhances the atmosphere of celebrations.

Photograph

3. Clarinet

Description

The clarinet is a Western woodwind instrument with a single reed attached to the mouthpiece. It has a cylindrical body and a flared bell at the bottom. The clarinet produces sound when air is blown across the reed, causing it to vibrate.

Usage

Known for its wide range of notes, the clarinet is commonly used in orchestras, chamber music, and jazz bands.

Photograph

Conclusion:

Wind instruments play a significant role in various musical genres across cultures. Each instrument has its unique characteristics and contributes to the richness of music.

 

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